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Tela sensível ao toque incorpora botões e teclas

Pesquisadores da Universidade Carnegie Mellon, nos Estados Unidos, criaram um dispositivo híbrido que mescla teclado e telas sensíveis ao toque, unindo a comodidade e a versatilidade das touch-screens com a facilidade de uso do feedback positivo oferecido pelas tradicionais teclas e botões.

As telas sensíveis ao toque estão permitindo a utilização de computadores em ambientes onde o projeto tradicional de tela, mouse e teclado não são as melhores escolhas. Um exemplo é no interior dos automóveis e das grandes máquinas usadas na construção civil e na mineração.

Mas seu uso no dia-a-dia do trânsito levanta sérias preocupações quanto à segurança, na medida em que exigiriam do motorista uma atenção dirigida para a tela, para se certificar de que ele está apertando os botões corretos.

Botões pneumáticos

A solução encontrada por Chris Harrison e Scott Hudson foi incorporar botões na superfície das telas sensíveis ao toque.

As telas são construídas a partir de uma placa acrílica contendo depressões hemisféricas conectadas a uma bomba de ar. Essa placa é recoberta por uma camada de látex semitransparente que sela as depressões.

Quando a bomba de ar está desligada, a tela permanece plana; quando ela é ligada, o látex assume projeções côncavas ou convexas ao redor das depressões, dependendo se a bomba está gerando uma pressão positiva ou negativa.

Feedback positivo

O aparato é grosso demais para ser colocado sobre uma tela sensível ao toque tradicional. Por isso os pesquisadores adotaram uma solução totalmente diferente: eles usaram projetores, luz infravermelha e câmeras posicionadas abaixo da superfície da tela. Os projetores geram as imagens na tela, enquanto as câmeras detectam a luz infravermelha refletida pelos dedos que tocam a superfície.

Ou seja, os botões não funcionam como botões ou teclas tradicionais, acionando mecanismos ou contatos elétricos. Eles servem unicamente para prover o feedback positivo ao usuário, que continua interagindo com uma tela de fato sensível ao toque.

Unindo o melhor das interfaces

Este projeto é mais simples e barato de se fabricar do que as soluções oferecidas por outras pesquisas que abordaram o mesmo problema, que têm se baseado em polímeros que alteram o formato quando expostos a variações de calor, luz ou de um campo magnético.

Além disso, ele é o primeiro a oferecer em uma única solução tecnológica os três elementos essenciais para manter os ganhos de cada um dos tipos de interface: as partes móveis com capacidade para oferecer feedback positivo, a capacidade de mostrar informações dinamicamente, como uma tela normal, e a sensibilidade ao toque.

A sensibilidade dos botões também é dinâmica. Por exemplo, o usuário pode escolher uma função pressionando levemente o botão – avançar uma música no MP3 ou passar o rádio para a próxima estação – e outra função pressionando-o com mais força – solicitar que o rádio faça um novo rastreamento de emissoras, por exemplo.

Fonte: site Inovação Tecnológica

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